Vitamin D and Immunity in Infants and Children
Nutrients 2020, 12, 1233; doi:10.3390/nu12051233
Geneviève Mailhot and John H. White
Vitamin D signaling in innate immunity
Highlights added by Vitamin D Life
Vitamin D Genes
Vitamin D Receptor is associated in over 40 autoimmune studies
The risk of 44 diseases at least double with poor Vitamin D Receptor as of Oct 2019
Vitamin D Receptor activation can be increased by any of: Resveratrol, Omega-3, Magnesium, Zinc, Quercetin, non-daily Vit D, Curcumin, intense exercise, Ginger, Essential oils, etc Note: The founder of Vitamin D Life uses 10 of the 12 known VDR activators
CYP27B1 category listing contains the following
The CYP27B1 gene activates Vitamin D in the Kidney, Skin, Lungs, Brain, Eyes etc.
CYtochrome P450 family 27 subfamily B member 1 = 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 1-alpha-hydroxylase
35 items in CYP27B1 category 266 articles in the Genetics 384 articles in Vitamin D Receptor 140 articles in Vitamin D Binding Protein - CYP27B1 and other genes are less activated in seniors
- CYP27B causes many health problems – March 2020
Vitamin D blood test misses CYP27B1 and other genes
Items in both categories Infant-Child and VDR are listed here:
- Infant and child immunity depends on Vitamin D and two Vitamin D genes – Review April 2020
- Asthmatic children 5X more likely to have a poor Vitamin D Receptor – June 2019
- Respiratory Distress Syndrome in preemies 5 X more likely if poor vitamin D receptor – Feb 2019
- Severe hand, foot, and mouth virus is 2.9 X more likely if poor Vitamin D receptor – Oct 2018
- Juvenile idiopathic arthritis 2.2 X more likely if poor Vitamin D Receptor – Aug 2018
- Pneumonia in Egyptian Children 3.6 X more likely if poor Vitamin D Receptor – Aug 2018
- Sudden kidney infection in children was 9X more likely if poor Vitamin D receptor – July 2018
- Sepsis in infants 4.8 X more likely if poor vitamin D receptor – March 2018
- Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis 8 X more likely if poor Vitamin D receptor – Dec 2017
- Type 1 Diabetes 14 percent more likely with 2 Vitamin D Receptor mutations – Oct 2017
- Lupus in children 2.6 X more likely if they had poor Vitamin D Receptor – Jan 2017
- Early tooth decay 1.9 X more likely if a poor Vitamin D receptor – July 2017
- Type 1 diabetes 1.6 times more likely if a Vitamin D Receptor problem – Feb 2017
- Childhood asthma about 1.3 times more likely if poor Vitamin D Receptor – meta-analysis Aug 2016
Items in both categories Infant-Child and Immunity are listed here:
- Infant and child immunity depends on Vitamin D and two Vitamin D genes – Review April 2020
- Lower Respiratory Tract Infection in Infants reduced 5.9 X by daily 600 IU of vitamin D (China) - March 2020
- I have a PhD in immunology and this is how I keep my daughter from getting sick during the winter
- Preemie immunity (Treg) vastly improved by 800 IU of Vitamin D daily – RCT July 2019
- Treatment of neonate sepsis greatly aided by Vitamin D – RCT June 2019
- Infection in first six months of life: White 69 percent, Black, 78 percent – Jan 2018
- Vitamin D does not help children (if only use 400 IU of D3 or D2 or quarterly) – Cochrane Nov 2016
- Vitamin D improves a child’s immune system – can now be claimed in Europe – Sept 2016
- Rotavirus diarrhea (nearly every child gets it) is strongly associated with low vitamin D – Aug 2015
- Immune System response of infants is associated with higher levels of vitamin D – RCT Nov 2014
- Infant sepsis strongly associated with low vitamin D – Aug 2014
- Middle ear infection (Otitis Media) and Vitamin D – many studies
- Tonsillectomy may be an indicator of low vitamin D status
- Many infant infections avoided with supplementation with 400 IU of vitamin D – Oct 2012
- Children with TB vaccinations became 6X more likely to have vitamin D gt than 30 ng – Jan 2012
Items in both categories Infant-Child and Diabetes are listed here:
- Poor CYP2R1 gene results in lower vitamin D and 2X increase in T1 Diabetes – Sept 2019
- Milk Consumption Is strong linked to Type 1 Diabetes – Dr. Greger Nov 2019
- T1 Diabetes treated by Vitamin D and Omega-3 (many other studies agree) Jan 2018
- Children in India – 1 in 7 extremely low Vitamin D, 1 in 10 prediabetic – Sept 2019
- Type 1 diabetes trial having problems getting participants – too many taking Vitamin D or Omega-3 – Aug 2019
- Type 1 Diabetes is prevented and treated by Vitamin D – review of 16 studies – Sept 2019
- T1 Diabetes reduction by high Omega-3 and Vitamin D – GRH ongoing observation
- Type 1 Diabetes prevention with Vitamin D and Omega-3 – Symposium April 2019
- Type 1 Diabetes risk increased if high postpartum Vitamin D binding protein – Jan 2019
- T1 Diabetes – how it may be prevented and treated by Vitamin D – Dec 2018
- Vitamin D and Omega-3 may treat Type 1 Diabetes – RCT 2024
- Type 1 Diabetes is increasing – decreased vitamin D is one of the many possible reasons – Sept 2018
- Early Type 1 Diabetes May Shorten Women’s Lives by 18 Years - Aug 2018
- Type 1 Diabetes (T1DM) 1.6 X more likely if low vitamin D – meta-analysis Jan 2018
- Type 1 Diabetes 14 percent more likely with 2 Vitamin D Receptor mutations – Oct 2017
- T1 Diabetes associated with many other autoimmune diseases (all related to low vitamin D) – May 2017
- Vitamin D deficiency is associated with prediabetes in obese Swedish children – Oct 2016
- Type 1 diabetes 1.6 times more likely if a Vitamin D Receptor problem – Feb 2017
- Type II Diabetes in children in India increased 4 X in 20 years – Nov 2016
- Type 1 diabetes risk not decreased if add 400 IU vitamin D while pregnant (no surprise) – Dec 2016
- Diabetes in child not prevented by a tiny amount of vitamin D during pregnancy – Nov 2015
- Diabetes (Type 1) increasing 4 percent per year, now 30,000 in the UK - May 2015
- T1 diabetes in children helped with two doses of 150,000 IU of vitamin D and Calcium – March 2015
- Type I diabetes in dark skin children associated with low vitamin D if far from equator – Jan 2015
- Type 1 diabetes helped with 50,000 IU of vitamin D every two weeks – Nov 2014
- T1 Diabetes associated with low vitamin D - Nov 2014
- Type I Diabetes stopped increasing in Finland after Vitamin D levels were raised – July 2014
- Diabetic children often need more than 7,000 IU of vitamin D – June 2014
- T1 Diabetes 35 percent more likely if 10 degrees further from equator (less vitamin D) – June 2014
- Higher vitamin D at birth associated with less diabetes and obesity 35 years later – Jan 2014
- Type 1 diabetes 3.5X more frequent if low vitamin D - Medscape CME Dec 2012
- Metabolic Syndrome in children is associated with low vitamin D – review Jan 2013
- Like their diabetic mothers, infants had low vitamin D and were slightly diabetic – May 2012
- Type I diabetes 2X more likely if mother had low vitamin D – Jan 2012
Items in both categories Infant-Child and Multiple Sclerosis are listed here:
- Multiple Sclerosis risk reduced 30 percent for additional 10 ng of vitamin D at birth – Jan 2017
- Multiple sclerosis in children – low vitamin D is a potential factor – Aug 2016
- Hypothesis – Multiple Sclerosis risk increases with low UV, viral infections, and antibiotics in childhood – March 2015
- MS relapse rate for children was 34% less for every extra 10 ng/ml of vit D
Items in both categories Infant-Child and Breathing are listed here:
- Recurrent Wheezing in children is associated with low Vitamin D – June 2020
- Respiratory viral infection (RSV) and low vitamin D – July 2020
- Lower Respiratory Tract Infection in Infants reduced 5.9 X by daily 600 IU of vitamin D (China) - March 2020
- Gene which predicts wheezing is associated with low vitamin D – Oct 2019
- Bronchiolitis in children associated with both pollution and low solar – July 2019
- Allergic Rhinitis in infants treated by 1,000 IU vitamin D daily – June 2019
- Asthmatic children 5X more likely to have a poor Vitamin D Receptor – June 2019
- Babies 3.6X more likely to go to hospital for asthma if asthmatic mother had low vitamin D while pregnant – June 2019
- Childhood Asthma somewhat reduced by 2400 IU vitamin D late in pregnancy (néed more, earlier) March 2019
- Respiratory Distress Syndrome in preemies 5 X more likely if poor vitamin D receptor – Feb 2019
- Black infant recurrent wheezing rate dropped from 42 percent to 31 percent with just 400 IU of vitamin D – RCT Dec 2018
- Asthma in child 2.3 X more likely if both parents asthmatic (unless add Vitamin D) – VDAART Nov 2018
- Immature lungs in immature newborns – Vitamin D helps – Sept 2018
- Bronchiolitis had 1.3 X longer hospitalization if low Vitamin D (1016 infants) – Sept 2018
- Pneumonia in Egyptian Children 3.6 X more likely if poor Vitamin D Receptor – Aug 2018
- Childhood pneumonia not treated by 100,000 IU of vitamin D – Cochrane (need more, inhaled) – July 2018
- Pneumonia is increasing (now 1 in 6 child deaths), more vitamin D studies needed – June 2018
- Childhood Respiratory Health hardly improved with 600 IU of vitamin D (need much more) – May 2018
- Indoor pollution is a problem with obese black asthmatic children – May 2018
- Both parents smoke – child’s vitamin D level was 30 percent lower and worse asthma – May 2018
- Allergic rhinitis in children reduced somewhat during pollen season by just 1,000 IU of vitamin D – RCT Jan 2018
- Half the risk of Influenza -A in infants taking 1200 IU of vitamin D for 4 months – RCT Jan 2018
- Rapid newborn breathing (transient tachypnea) associated with low vitamin D – Dec 2017
- Premature infants with poor lungs (Respiratory distress syndrome) have low levels of vitamin D – Nov 2017
- Risk of infant Asthma cut in half if mother supplemented Vitamin D to get more than 30 ng – RCT Oct 2017
- Respiratory infection in infant was 7 X more likely if low cord Vitamin D – March 2017
- Viral Pneumonia in children 52 X more-likely if very low vitamin D (trend) – June 2017
- Childhood asthma problems eliminated for months by 600,000 IU of Vitamin D injection – June 2017
- Childhood allergy, asthma and eczema associated with repeated low vitamin D tests – Oct 2016
- Childhood asthma about 1.3 times more likely if poor Vitamin D Receptor – meta-analysis Aug 2016
- Five times less mite allergy when vitamin D added in mid pregnancy and to infant – RCT April 2016
- Hay fever (allergic rhinitis) risk reduced 20 percent for each 100 IU of vitamin D during early pregnancy – Feb 2016
- Asthma in 3 year olds decreased somewhat with 4,000 IU during pregnancy – RCT Jan 2016
- Respiratory tract infections in childhood – vitamin D is needed, no consensus of how much – Oct 2015
- RSV (bronchitis and viral pneumonia) in infants associated with low vitamin D and antibiotics – Aug 2015
- Respiratory distress after preterm birth is more likely if low vitamin D – review April 2015
- All preemies with Chronic Lung Disease had low vitamin D levels– July 2015
- Low dose Vitamin D during pregnancy and infancy results in strange acute respiratory infection response – April 2015
- Newborn acute lower respiratory tract infection associated with low maternal vitamin D – March 2015
- Low vitamin D during pregnancy associated with four health problems in children – Jan 2015
- Low vitamin D at birth associated with later milk sensitization, allergic rhinitis and asthma – Nov 2014
- Acute Lower Respiratory Infections in Children - associated with low vitamin D – meta-analysis Dec 2014
- Respiratory Tract visits 2.5 less likely with vitamin D: Pregnancy 2000 IU, Infant 800 IU – RCT Oct 2014
- No preemie had even 30 ng of vitamin D, lower D associated with more Respiratory Distress – Aug 2013
- Asthma is not treated by weekly 14,000 IU of vitamin D (proven yet again) July 2014
- 2000 IU of vitamin D should improve toddlers health in winter – RCT almost completed Feb 2014
- More Hypertension in obese children with low vitamin D, especially at night – Dec 2013
- Largest cause of infant deaths is respiratory infections, which is associated with low vitamin D – April 2011
- Vitamin D Deficiency is a Strong Predictor (4X) of Asthma in Children – Oct 2012
- Acute lower respiratory infection 5X more frequent with low vitamin D intake – June 2012
Overview Asthma and Vitamin D contains
- Asthma may be treated by Vitamin D if more than 40 ng for 12 months – Sept 2018
- Asthma in child 2.3 X more likely if both parents asthmatic (unless add Vitamin D) – VDAART Nov 2018
- Adult-onset asthma 2X more likely if low vitamin D and not hyperallergenic – May 2018
- Child Asthma increased 2.1 X by antibiotics, Child milk allergy increased 4.4 X by PPI – April 2018
- Asthmatic children taking Corticosteroids had 2X more vitamin D intake, but lower levels – July 2017
- Vitamin D supplements could halve risk of serious asthma attacks – Cochrane conclusion – Sept 2016
- Traffic pollution increases asthma unless supplement with Vitamin D (mice) June 2018
- Childhood asthma problems eliminated for months by 600,000 IU of Vitamin D injection – June 2017
- Proof that Vitamin D Works 86 health problems prevented/treated as of May 2018
Asthma has been proven to be treated by Vitamin D in at least 4 random controlled trials - Childhood asthma still reduced 4 months after 800 IU of Vitamin D daily - RCT Feb 2016
- Respiratory Disease exacerbations (Asthma, CF, COPD) may be treated by Vitamin D – July 2019
- Women with asthma 35X more likely to be vitamin D deficient – Oct 2013
Meta-Analyses
- Asthmatics less able to breathe if low vitamin D – meta-analysis Nov 2019
- Asthma supplementation by Vitamin D (any amount) reduced attacks by 25 percent – meta-analysis April 2019
- Asthma reduced 60 percent with vitamin D supplementation – meta-analysis 2014, 2015
- Childhood asthma about 1.3 times more likely if poor Vitamin D Receptor – meta-analysis Aug 2016
- Search Vitamin D Life for ASTHMA in title 206 items as of April 2019
- If high vitamin D during pregnancy the child is 5X less likely to get asthma
- Asthma is treated by Vitamin D – now they are trying to understand why – Feb 2015
- Increase in vitamin D deficiency may partially explain increases in asthma and allergies – Jan 2015
- Asthma attacks reduced in half if Vitamin D level higher than 42 nanograms – RCT May 2014 intervention
- Should Vitamin D Supplementation Be a Regular Part of Asthma Care – Oct 2013
- Strong Vitamin D deficiency associations in Asthma patients – Nov 2014
- Increase in vitamin D deficiency may partially explain increases in asthma and allergies – Jan 2015
- Allergies and asthma – overwhelming experimental evidence that vitamin D helps – more studies needed – Dec 2014
- All items in Breathing and Vitamin D
382 items includes Asthma, Pneunomia, RTI, TB, Allergy, COPD - Search Vitamin D Life for Wheeze 756 items as of May 2018
- Asthma much worse in city with little vitamin D – March 2014 - less UV and less outdoors ==> less vitamin D
- Why deficiencies in vitamin D and magnesium are linked to asthma Magnesium allows muscles to relax
- All items in category Autoimmune and Vitamin D
163 items - Acetaminophen (Tylenol) increases asthma wonder if Tylenol decreased vitamin D,which increases Asthma
- Babies 3.6X more likely to go to hospital for asthma if asthmatic mother had low vitamin D while pregnant – June 2019
- The worse the bronchial asthma, the lower the vitamin D – Jan 2017
 Download the PDF from Vitamin D Life
The last couple of decades have seen an explosion in our interest and understanding of the role of vitamin D in the regulation of immunity. At the molecular level, the hormonal form of vitamin D signals through the nuclear vitamin D receptor (VDR), a ligand-regulated transcription factor. The VDR and vitamin D metabolic enzymes are expressed throughout the innate and adaptive arms of the immune system. The advent of genome-wide approaches to gene expression profiling have led to the identification of numerous VDR-regulated genes implicated in the regulation of innate and adaptive immunity. The molecular data infer that vitamin D signaling should boost innate immunity against pathogens of bacterial or viral origin. Vitamin D signaling also suppresses inflammatory immune responses that underlie autoimmunity and regulate allergic responses. These findings have been bolstered by clinical studies linking vitamin D deficiency to increased rates of infections, autoimmunity, and allergies. Our goals here are to provide an overview of the molecular basis for immune system regulation and to survey the clinical data from pediatric populations, using randomized placebo-controlled trials and meta-analyses where possible, linking vitamin D deficiency to increased rates of infections, autoimmune conditions, and allergies, and addressing the impact of supplementation on these conditions.
Partial Table of Contents- 2. Overview of the Molecular Basis for the Non-Classical Actions of Vitamin D in the Immune System
- Antiviral Activity of Vitamin D Signaling: Specific Reference to COVID-19.
- 3. Vitamin D and Infectious Diseases in Pediatric Populations.
- 4. Crohn’s Disease
- 5. Vitamin D Deficiency and Dental Caries
- 6. Links between Vitamin D Deficiency and Autoimmune Conditions in Pediatric Populations.
- 6.1. Juvenile-Onset Type 1 Diabetes.
- 6.2. Multiple Sclerosis
- 6.3. Other Autoimmune Conditions
- 7. Allergic Conditions
- 7.1. Asthma
- 7.2. Other Allergic Conditions
- 7.2.1. Atopic Dermatitis
- 7.2.2. Food Allergies
- 7.2.3. Allergic Rhinitis and Aeroallergen Sensitization
Infant and child immunity depends on Vitamin D and two Vitamin D genes – Review April 2020487 visitors, last modified 27 Apr, 2020, This page is in the following categories (# of items in each category)Immunity189 Infant-Child 606 Vitamin D Receptor 384 CYP27B1 35 Attached files
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