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Tooth loss reduction by 15 percent associated with 10 ng higher vitamin D – May 2014

Prospective Study of Serum 25-hydroxy Vitamin D and Tooth Loss.

J Dent Res. 2014 May 14. pii: 0022034514534985. [Epub ahead of print]
Zhan Y1, Samietz S2, Holtfreter B1, Hannemann A3, Meisel P1, Nauck M3, Völzke H4, Wallaschofski H3, Dietrich T5, Kocher T6.
1 Unit of Periodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
2 Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Gerodontology, and Biomaterials, Center of Oral Health, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
3 Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
4 Institute of Community Medicine, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
5 Department of Oral Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
6 Unit of Periodontology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany kocher at uni-greifswald.de.

Vitamin D deficiency and oral diseases (periodontitis, caries, and tooth loss) are highly prevalent in Germany. Previous studies suggested that vitamin D might be a modifiable and protective factor for periodontitis, caries, and tooth loss. However, prospective studies investigating such associations are limited. We explored the association between the concentration of serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25OHD) and incidence of tooth loss, progression of clinical attachment loss (CAL) ≥ 3 mm, and progression of restorative and caries status in a population-based longitudinal study. We analyzed data from 1,904 participants from the Study of Health in Pomerania with a five-year follow-up. Generalized estimating equation models were applied to evaluate tooth-specific associations between serum 25OHD and incidence of tooth loss, progression of CAL ≥ 3 mm, and progression of restorative and caries status. Age, sex, education, smoking status, alcohol drinking, waist circumference, dental visit frequency, reasons of dental visit, vitamin D or calcium supplements, and season of blood draw were considered as confounders. Serum 25OHD was inversely associated with incidence of tooth loss. A significant dose-response relationship (p = .0022) was observed across the quintiles of serum 25OHD.

After adjusting for multiple confounders, each 10-µg/L increase of serum 25OHD was associated with a 13% decreased risk of tooth loss (risk ratio: 0.87; 95% confidence interval: 0.79, 0.96). The association was attenuated for changes of CAL ≥ 3 mm when adjusting for multiple confounders. No significant association was found between serum 25OHD and caries progression. Vitamin D might be a protective factor for tooth loss. The effect might partially be mediated by its effect on periodontitis.

PMID: 24828383


10-µg/L = 10,000 ng/L = 10ng/mL

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