Childhood allergies (Atopy) 4.8 X more likely if low vitamin D in early pregnancy

Association between vitamin D status in early pregnancy and atopy in offspring in a vitamin D deplete cohort

Irish Journal of Medical Science (1971 -) https://doi.org/10.1007/s11845-019-02078-5

Maeve Smith Eileen C. O’Brien Goiuri Alberdi Aisling A. Geraghty Mark Kilbane Malachi J. McKenna Fionnuala M. McAuliff

* Allergy - Overview* contains: "Food Allergy 5X more likely if low vitamin D – Oct 2014"* Breastfeeding a child without adding vitamin D increases risk of many food allergies (egg whites in this case) – Jan 2020* Food allergy is linked to season of birth, sun exposure, and vitamin D deficiency – Jan 2019* Childhood Food Allergies (UK 1 in 14) – huge recent increase (low vitamin D) - Dec 2018* Food allergy 12X more likely if low vitamin D and vitamin D binding gene problem – Aug 2015* Too much vitamin D: 1 pcnt increase in infants with food allergy, too little: 500 pcnt increase in children with food allergy - Aug 2015* 2X more allergies if 11th womb week was in Spring – Vitamin D or pollen Oct 2010* Food allergies 6 times higher in South Australia - 2009* Far less UV/Vitamin D further from the EquatorLots of development by the 11th week of pregnancyHealthy pregnancies need lots of vitamin D has the following summary{include}---Post-birth vitamin D reduces allergies* 6 year-old children were 5X less likely to have food allergies if supplementing with vitamin D – July 2019* Peanut and Food allergies prevented by Vitamin D

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Background

Vitamin D status may play a role in the development of atopic diseases due to its action on lung development and immune system development and function.

Aims

Our objective was to assess whether 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels in maternal blood in pregnancy were associated with atopy in children.

Methods

We analysed 279 mother-child pairs from the ROLO study conducted in Dublin, Ireland. Serum 25OHD was measured at 13 and 28 weeks of pregnancy. Development of childhood atopy was self-reported by mothers at follow-up appointments at 6 months, 2 years or 5 years. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate associations between maternal 25OHD status and development of atopy.

Results

The mean (SD) 25OHD levels in early and late pregnancy were 41.9 (19.2) nmol/L and 40.2 (21.6) nmol/L, respectively. Maternal 25OHD status in early pregnancy, but not in late pregnancy, was associated with a reduced risk of atopy at 2 years (OR 0.972, CI 0.946–0.999).

In early pregnancy, those with serum 25OHD levels < 30 nmol/L compared with those with 25OHD > 50 nmol/L had significantly greater risk of developing atopy at 2 years ( OR 4.76 , CI 1.38–16.47).

Conclusions

The development of childhood atopy may be associated with maternal vitamin D deficiency in early pregnancy among a cohort of women at risk of vitamin D deficiency. Further research is required to explore the relationship between vitamin D and atopy, particularly among women with poor vitamin D status, and whether supplementation should be prioritised in early pregnancy to reduce childhood atopy.