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Heart Attack increased risk of vascular dementia by 1.35 X (both associated with low vitamin D) Oct 2017

Higher Risk of Vascular Dementia in Myocardial Infarction Survivors

Circulation. 2017;CIRCULATIONAHA.117.029127, https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.029127
Jens Sundbøll, Erzsébet Hováth-Puhó, Kasper Adelborg, Morten Schmidt, Lars Pedersen, Hans Erik Bøtker, Victor W. Henderson, Henrik T. Sørensen

Background—Increased risk of dementia after myocardial infarction (MI) may be mediated by shared risk factors (e.g., atherosclerosis) and post-MI stroke. We examined risk of dementia in 1-year survivors of MI.

Methods—Using Danish medical registries, we conducted a nationwide population-based cohort study of all patients with first-time MI and a sex-, birth year-, and calendar year-matched general population comparison cohort without MI (1980-2012). Cox regression analysis was used to compute 1-35 year adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) for dementia, controlled for matching factors and adjusted for comorbidities and socioeconomic status.

Results—We identified 314,911 patients with MI and 1,573,193 matched comparison cohort members randomly sampled from the general population (median age 70 years, 63% male). After 35 years of follow-up, the cumulative incidence of all-cause dementia in the MI cohort was 9% (2.8% for Alzheimer's disease, 1.6% for vascular dementia, and 4.5% for other dementias). Compared with the general population cohort, MI was not associated with all-cause dementia (aHR = 1.01, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.98-1.03). Risk of Alzheimer's disease (aHR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.88-0.95) and other dementias (aHR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.95-1.01) also approximated unity. However, MI was associated with higher risk of vascular dementia (aHR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.28-1.43), which was substantially strengthened for patients experiencing stroke after MI (aHR = 4.48, 95% CI: 3.29-6.12).

Conclusions—MI was associated with higher risk of vascular dementia throughout follow-up and this asssociation was stronger in patients suffering stroke. The risk of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias was not higher in MI patients.


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