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Calcium (alone) does not reduce risk of bone fracture

Overview

Just supplementing with Calcium without the cofactors
such as Vitamin D, Magnesium, Vitamin K2, and Boron, appears to INCREASE rather than decrease fractures of some bone
and cause many other health problems (Cardiovascular, Kidney stones, prostate cancer, etc)

The following 2010 paper identified the problems with the Calcium and bone fracture studies
Many other studies shown at the bottom of this page support his thesis.
PDF is attached at bottom of this page
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Evidence that calcium supplements reduce fracture risk is lacking - Jan 2010

Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2010 Jan;5 Suppl 1:S3-11.
Seeman E. ( 28 other references to Seeman in Vitamin D Life Feb 2012)
Department of Endocrinology, Centaur Building, Repatriation Campus, Austin Health, Heidelberg 3081, Melbourne, Australia. egos at unimelb.edu.au

Credible evidence that calcium supplements reduce the risk of vertebral, nonvertebral, or hip fractures is lacking.

Flaws in study design and execution such as inclusion of calcium-replete individuals, high dropout rates, and poor compliance preclude testing the hypothesis that calcium deficiency increases fracture rates or that calcium supplements reduce them.
Intent-to-treat analyses of individual trials have failed to detect antifracture efficacy.

Post hoc analyses of subgroups with a low calcium intake and per-protocol analyses of compliers have reported fewer fractures in the supplemented groups.
However, this may be the result of confounding by violation of randomization; compliers to placebo have a lower morbidity and mortality than noncompliers.

Higher hip fracture rates and cardiac mortality in patients receiving calcium supplements, as reported in some studies, may also be due to factors other than supplementation.

Hypothesis testing requires that a cohort be stratified into calcium-deficient and calcium-replete groups, with each person randomized to a supplement or placebo.
This design quantifies the risk of fracture attributable to calcium deficiency and any benefit that supplementation confers in the calcium-deficient and calcium-replete groups. To regard a calcium-deficient arm as unethical begs the question.

Consensus statements that support the widespread use of calcium are opinion-based; they accept claims of beneficial effects despite flaws in study design, execution, and analysis; and they reject reported adverse effects because of them.

Until well designed, well executed, and well analyzed studies demonstrate a net benefit in morbidity, mortality, and cost, recommendations supporting the widespread use of calcium supplementation remain belief-based and not evidence-based.

PDF is attached at bottom of this page

PMID: 20089500
Image

Bone remodeling REDUCED until Calcium stopped


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Calcium INCREASED hip fracture


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Calcium INCREASED Heart Problems


CLICK HERE for PDF
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Attached files

ID Name Comment Uploaded Size Downloads
1057 S3.full.pdf PDF admin 03 Feb, 2012 01:48 269.63 Kb 858
1056 Caclium increased risk of MI.jpg admin 02 Feb, 2012 20:09 10.54 Kb 1380
1055 Calcium increased risk of hip fracture.jpg admin 02 Feb, 2012 20:08 9.81 Kb 1375
1054 Bone remodeling slowed by Calcium supplements.jpg admin 02 Feb, 2012 20:08 8.88 Kb 1228
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