25-Hydroxyvitamin D Supplementation and BMI Change: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
J Obes Weight Loss Ther 3:181. doi: 10.4172/2165-7904.1000181
1Public Health Program, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA Mora N1*, 1Public Health Program, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA Rieke K1,
2 Departments of Surgery, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA Plitcha J2, 1Public Health Program, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA Segura AJ1,
3 Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA Leehey D3, 1Public Health Program, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA DeShong K1, 1Public Health Program, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
3 Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
4 Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA Kramer H1,3,4 and 1Public Health Program, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
4 Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA Durazo R1,4
Corresponding Author : Nallely Mora; Public Health Program, Loyola Medical Center; 2160 S. First Avenue, Maywood, IL 60153, USA; Tel: 708-327-9018; Fax: 708-327-9009; E-mail: moranallely at gmail.com
Received June 06, 2013; Accepted July 07, 2013; Published July 09, 2013
The impact of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) supplementation on weight change remains controversial. The objective of this study was to summarize the effects of 25[OH]D supplementation (cholecalciferol or ergocalciferol) on BMI change through a meta-analysis of published clinical trials.
We completed a systematic review of English articles, using MEDLINE (Ovid, Pubmed) from January 1, 1998 through January 1, 2013. The articles selected focused on 25[OH]D supplementation and body mass index (BMI) in randomized controlled trials (RCT’s).
The association between 25[OH]D and mean BMI change was estimated utilizing a random effects model. A total of 30 studies were reviewed and 9 were included in the meta-analysis. Total participants included 1651 adults (82.6% women and mean age 47.9 years) and mean follow-up ranged between 6 to 196 weeks and mean daily 25[OH]D dose ranged from 200 IU to 1,110 IU. Five of the 9 studies included calcium supplementation in both groups. Average baseline BMI was 30.7 and 30.4 kg/m2 in the intervention and control groups, respectively.
Five studies suggested a beneficial effect for 25[OH]D supplementation for BMI change whereas 3 studies showed no effect of 25[OH]D supplementation on BMI change, and one showed a non-perceptible change. Meta-analysis of BMI values at end of trial showed no statistically significant difference in BMI change by use of 25[OH]D supplementation. Based on existing published trials, oral 25[OH]D supplementation does not significantly impact BMI change.
It is truly amazing how most meta-analysis ignore extremely important parameters: in this case:
- Ignores amount of vitamin D - one study used just 200 IU
- Ignores duration of vitamin D intervention - one study lasted just 6 weeks (and it takes longer than that for vitamin D levels to stabilize in the body)
- ignores the vitamin D levels of the women
- ignores how/when the vitamin D was taken (which can change the response by as much as 2X)
- Ignores if Calcium was used or not
- Ignores if there was enough Magnesium (water, food, supplements)
- Ignores that obesity reduction occurs typically for only about 1 /3 of the women
- Ignored how obese the women were (those who are very obese need far more vitamin D to get the same blood level response)
PDF is attached at the bottom of this page
See also Vitamin D Life
- Those low on vitamin D were 2.4X more likely to gain weight – June 2013
- 7000 IU vitamin D was not enough to reduce obese tissue – Jan 2013
- 32 ng vitamin D and 500 mg of Calcium helped reduce weight by 5.6 kg – Sept 2010
- Overview Obesity and Vitamin D contains the following summary
*FACT: People who are obese have less vitamin D in their blood - FACT: Obese need a higher dose of vitamin D to get to the same level of vit D
- FACT: When obese people lose weight the vitamin D level in their blood increases
- FACT: Adding Calcium, perhaps in the form of fortified milk, often reduces weight
- FACT: 153 trials for vitamin D intervention of obesity as of Sept 2020
- FACT: Less weight gain by senior women with > 30 ng of vitamin D
- FACT: Dieters lost additional 5 lbs if vitamin D supplementation got them above 32 ng - RCT
- FACT: Obese lost 3X more weight by adding $10 of Vitamin D
- FACT: Those with darker skins were more likely to be obese Sept 2014
- OBSERVATION: Many mammals had evolved to add fat and vitamin D in the autumn
- and lose both in the Spring - unfortunately humans have forgotten to lose the fat in the Spring
- SUGGESTION: Probably need more than 4,000 IU to lose weight if very low on vitamin D due to
risk factors such as overweight, age, dark skin, live far from equator,shut-in, etc. - Obesity category has
352 items No weight loss when average over trials lasting 6 weeks and only 200 IU of vitamin D – meta-analysis July 20133646 visitors, last modified 03 Nov, 2013, This page is in the following categories (# of items in each category)Obesity352 Meta-analysis of Vitamin D 480 Attached files
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