Very low Vitamin D in Indian pregnancies– 1 in 3 women not even have 20 ng – meta-analysis June 2021

Pooled estimate of vitamin D deficiency among pregnant women in India: a systematic review and meta-analysis

J Health Popul Nutr. 2021 Jun 29;40(1):28. doi: 10.1186/s41043-021-00253-y.
Angeline Jeyakumar 1 2, Vidhya Shinde 3, Reshma Ravindran 3

Background: Vitamin D deficiency among pregnant women is a public health concern globally. In India, individual studies report high prevalence. However, lack of national data masks the true burden. This work determined the pooled prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among pregnant women in India through a systematic review of literature and meta-analysis.

Methods: Three different search engines yielded 15 eligible articles. Study quality was assessed by 10 different criteria and summary of study quality was categorized as per Cochrane standards. Meta-analysis was performed to estimate pooled prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among healthy pregnant women and heterogeneity among selected studies. A sample of n = 4088 was used to study the pooled prevalence among pregnant women.

Results: The random effects combined estimate was 32.35% (95% CI, (12.58-117.48). High heterogeneity (tau2 = 0.39, I2 = 100%) and high risk of bias was observed among the selected studies. The test for overall effect was observed to be z = 2.54(P = 0.01).

Conclusion: Pooled estimate > 30% emphasizes the need for screening through antenatal care services and initiate preventive measures to address the deficiency.
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Vitamin D Life

• Less than 3 percent of pregnant women in Shanghai had even 30 ng of vitamin D – June 2021
• Every one of top 10 female health problems is associated with low Vitamin D

Pregnancy category starts with

782 items in Pregnancy category

 - see also

• Overview Pregnancy and vitamin D
• Number of articles in both categories of Pregnancy and:
  Dark Skin 25;   Depression 19;   Diabetes 40;   Obesity 12;  Hypertension 36;   Breathing 30;  Omega-3 33;  Vitamin D Receptor 21
• All items in category Infant/Child 658 items
• breastfed OR breastfeeding 1920 items as of Dec 2020
• Preeclampsia in Vitamin D Life title (47 as of July 2021)
• Pre-term 368 items (not in PDF) as of Nov 2020
• "polycystic ovary syndrome" OR PCOS 303 items as of Jan 2018
• Gestational Diabetes
• c-section OR "caesarean section" (various spellings) 937 items as of Aug 2020
• postpartum depression 208 items as of Aug 2018
• Search VitaminDiiki for MISCARRIAGE OR "Spontaneous abortion" 794 as of Feb 2020
• Search Vitamin D Life for "Assisted reproduction" 33 items as of Feb 2017
• Fertility and Sperm category listing has 117 items along with related searches
• (Stunting OR “low birth weight” OR LBW) 1180 items as of June 2020
• Less labor pain if higher level of vitamin D – August 2021
• Healthy pregnancies need lots of vitamin D
• Ensure a healthy pregnancy and baby - take Vitamin D before conception
  

Healthy pregnancies need lots of vitamin D has the following summary

Problem	Reduces	Evidence
0. Chance of not conceiving	3.4 times	Observe
1. Miscarriage	2.5 times	Observe
2. Pre-eclampsia	3.6 times	RCT
3. Gestational Diabetes	3 times	RCT
4. Good 2nd trimester sleep quality	3.5 times	Observe
5. Premature birth	2 times	RCT
6. C-section - unplanned	1.6 times	Observe
Stillbirth - OMEGA-3	4 times	RCT - Omega-3
7. Depression AFTER pregnancy	1.4 times	RCT
8. Small for Gestational Age	1.6 times	meta-analysis
9. Infant height, weight, head size      within normal limits		RCT
10. Childhood Wheezing	1.3 times	RCT
11. Additional child is Autistic	4 times	Intervention
12.Young adult Multiple Sclerosis	1.9 times	Observe
13. Preeclampsia in young adult	3.5 times	RCT
14. Good motor skills @ age 3	1.4 times	Observe
15. Childhood Mite allergy	5 times	RCT
16. Childhood Respiratory Tract visits	2.5 times	RCT

RCT = Randomized Controlled Trial

Vitamin D levels around the world - 2014